Crock Hunter wrote:
This has piqued an interest in religious history east of Constantinople.. .. .. . Not that it exists.. I'm familiar with the sects and schisms that separated them but how is it that they avoided the violence and misery brought on by the Western Church.. i.e. Was their belief tempered with the more pacific Far East religions.. ?? Were the locals already accustomed to subjugation??.. hummm..
I shall consult the Oracle..

I am not an oracle.
The Eastern Church saw themselves as preceding the Roman Church. They considered themselves closer to the true origins of Christianity, and I have no doubt they were. So much of Christianity, as well as the Old Testament, are borrowed from older Eastern religions. Paul spent a lot of time in the Eastern part of the Empire - Jerusalem, Ephesus, Corinth, Athens. Original Christianity was a peaceful religion before the Romans politicized it.
By the time Constantine set himself up on the old Byzantium, the West was in a shambles, and Rome was finding it difficult to find the money and manpower to protect herself from the barbarian hordes. Western Europe was beginning its descent into the dark ages. Constantinople was also well situated militarily, a buffer between Old Rome and invaders from the East. Had most of the Eastern world not already been conquered by Rome, I have no doubt Rome would have marched eastward. As it was the Eastern Empire was constantly under attack.
The Eastern Empire was far more civilized and advanced philosophically, artistically, scientifically. Rome is decorated with Egyptian obelisks, not British menhirs. Greece, Egypt, and Persia were way ahead of Britain, Germany, and France.
As for the timing of Christmas, the celebration of the return of the sun has been marked by cultures all over the planet since men (probably women) figured out the most elementary astronomy. The days grew shorter and darker and colder until that "magical" day when the sun stood still, then began to rise and set a wee bit further North. (Which begs the question, why isn't Christmas celebrated in June in the Southern hemisphere.)